Background:
There is a lot of evidence supporting IF
Below is a collection of all RCTs on IF
Evidence:
Updated 11th October 2023
Efficacy and Safety of Intermittent Fasting in People With Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes (INTERFAST-2)-A Randomized Controlled Trial.Obermayer A, Tripolt NJ, Pferschy PN, Kojzar H, Aziz F, Müller A, Schauer M, Oulhaj A, Aberer F, Sourij C, Habisch H, Madl T, Pieber T, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Stadlbauer V, Sourij H. Diabetes Care. 2023 Feb 1;46(2):463-468. doi: 10.2337/dc22-1622. PMID: 36508320 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Intermittent Fasting in Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Chair SY, Cai H, Cao X, Qin Y, Cheng HY, Ng MT. J Nurs Res. 2022 Feb 1;30(1):e185. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000469.PMID: 35050952 Clinical Trial.
Intermittent fasting in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of hypoglycaemia: a randomized controlled trial.Corley BT, Carroll RW, Hall RM, Weatherall M, Parry-Strong A, Krebs JD. Diabet Med. 2018 May;35(5):588-594. doi: 10.1111/dme.13595. Epub 2018 Feb 27.PMID: 29405359 Clinical Trial.
Does the Energy Restriction Intermittent Fasting Diet Alleviate Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers? A Randomized Controlled Trial.Kunduraci YE, Ozbek H. Nutrients. 2020 Oct 21;12(10):3213. doi: 10.3390/nu12103213. PMID: 33096684 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Effect of an Intermittent Calorie-restricted Diet on Type 2 Diabetes Remission: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Yang X, Zhou J, Shao H, Huang B, Kang X, Wu R, Bian F, Hu M, Liu D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 May 17;108(6):1415-1424. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac661.PMID: 36515429 Clinical Trial.
A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults.Templeman I, Smith HA, Chowdhury E, Chen YC, Carroll H, Johnson-Bonson D, Hengist A, Smith R, Creighton J, Clayton D, Varley I, Karagounis LG, Wilhelmsen A, Tsintzas K, Reeves S, Walhin JP, Gonzalez JT, Thompson D, Betts JA. Sci Transl Med. 2021 Jun 16;13(598):eabd8034. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd8034.PMID: 34135111 Clinical Trial.
Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial.Ezpeleta M, Gabel K, Cienfuegos S, Kalam F, Lin S, Pavlou V, Song Z, Haus JM, Koppe S, Alexandria SJ, Tussing-Humphreys L, Varady KA. Cell Metab. 2023 Jan 3;35(1):56-70.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.001. Epub 2022 Dec 21.PMID: 36549296 Clinical Trial.
Time-restricted eating effects on performance, immune function, and body composition in elite cyclists: a randomized controlled trial.Moro T, Tinsley G, Longo G, Grigoletto D, Bianco A, Ferraris C, Guglielmetti M, Veneto A, Tagliabue A, Marcolin G, Paoli A. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020 Dec 11;17(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00396-z. PMID: 33308259 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
The Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Continuous Energy Restriction with Exercise on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers, Dietary Compliance, and Perceived Hunger and Mood: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomised, Controlled Trial.Keenan S, Cooke MB, Chen WS, Wu S, Belski R. Nutrients. 2022 Jul 26;14(15):3071. doi: 10.3390/nu14153071. PMID: 35893925 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Effects of A One-week Fasting Therapy in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome - A Randomized Controlled Explorative Study.Li C, Sadraie B, Steckhan N, Kessler C, Stange R, Jeitler M, Michalsen A. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2017 Oct;125(9):618-624. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-101700. Epub 2017 Apr 13. PMID: 28407662 Clinical Trial.
Effect of intermittent versus continuous energy restriction on weight loss, maintenance and cardiometabolic risk: A randomized 1-year trial.Sundfør TM, Svendsen M, Tonstad S. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 Jul;28(7):698-706. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 29. PMID: 29778565 Clinical Trial.
PROFAST: A Randomized Trial Assessing the Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probiotic among People with Prediabetes.Tay A, Pringle H, Penning E, Plank LD, Murphy R. Nutrients. 2020 Nov 17;12(11):3530. doi: 10.3390/nu12113530. PMID: 33212907 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Effect of intermittent fasting 5:2 on body composition and nutritional intake among employees with obesity in Jakarta: a randomized clinical trial.Witjaksono F, Prafiantini E, Rahmawati A. BMC Res Notes. 2022 Oct 12;15(1):323. doi: 10.1186/s13104-022-06209-7. PMID: 36224641 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Intermittent and continuous energy restriction result in similar weight loss, weight loss maintenance, and body composition changes in a 6 month randomized pilot study.Steger FL, Donnelly JE, Hull HR, Li X, Hu J, Sullivan DK. Clin Obes. 2021 Apr;11(2):e12430. doi: 10.1111/cob.12430. Epub 2020 Dec 10. PMID: 33305526 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Three weeks of time-restricted eating improves glucose homeostasis in adults with type 2 diabetes but does not improve insulin sensitivity: a randomised crossover trial.Andriessen C, Fealy CE, Veelen A, van Beek SMM, Roumans KHM, Connell NJ, Mevenkamp J, Moonen-Kornips E, Havekes B, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Hoeks J, Schrauwen P. Diabetologia. 2022 Oct;65(10):1710-1720. doi: 10.1007/s00125-022-05752-z. Epub 2022 Jul 25. PMID: 35871650 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
The rationale and design of a Mediterranean diet accompanied by time restricted feeding to optimise the management of type 2 diabetes: The MedDietFast randomised controlled trial.Papamichou D, Panagiotakos DB, Holmes E, Koutsakis P, Katsoulotos H, Loo RL, Itsiopoulos C. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Jan;32(1):220-230. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.031. Epub 2021 Oct 7. PMID: 34836715 Clinical Trial.
Effects of time-restricted feeding (16/8) combined with a low-sugar diet on the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial.Kord-Varkaneh H, Salehi-Sahlabadi A, Tinsley GM, Santos HO, Hekmatdoost A. Nutrition. 2023 Jan;105:111847. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111847. Epub 2022 Sep 13. PMID: 36257081 Clinical Trial.
The effect of intermittent energy restriction on weight loss and diabetes risk markers in women with a history of gestational diabetes: a 12-month randomized control trial.Gray KL, Clifton PM, Keogh JB. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Aug 2;114(2):794-803. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab058. PMID: 33831950 Clinical Trial.
Dietary recommendations for fasting days in an alternate-day intermittent fasting pattern: A randomized controlled trial.Xu S, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Xu W, Zhang H, Yan Q, Gao L, Shang L. Nutrition. 2022 Oct;102:111735. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111735. Epub 2022 May 18. PMID: 35816815 Clinical Trial.
Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial on Fasting and Plant-Based Diet in Rheumatoid Arthritis (NutriFast): Nutritional Supply and Impact on Dietary Behavior.Hartmann AM, D'Urso M, Dell'Oro M, Koppold DA, Steckhan N, Michalsen A, Kandil FI, Kessler CS. Nutrients. 2023 Feb 7;15(4):851. doi: 10.3390/nu15040851. PMID: 36839208 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
An Intermittent Fasting Mimicking Nutrition Bar Extends Physiologic Ketosis in Time Restricted Eating: A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-Arm Study.Huang AW, Wei M, Caputo S, Wilson ML, Antoun J, Hsu WC. Nutrients. 2021 Apr 30;13(5):1523. doi: 10.3390/nu13051523. PMID: 33946428 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Intermittent energy restriction is comparable to continuous energy restriction for cardiometabolic health in adults with central obesity: A randomized controlled trial; the Met-IER study.Pinto AM, Bordoli C, Buckner LP, Kim C, Kaplan PC, Del Arenal IM, Jeffcock EJ, Hall WL. Clin Nutr. 2020 Jun;39(6):1753-1763. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.07.014. Epub 2019 Jul 30. PMID: 31409509 Clinical Trial.
Prolonged fasting outperforms short-term fasting in terms of glucose tolerance and insulin release: a randomised controlled trial.Solianik R, Židonienė K, Eimantas N, Brazaitis M. Br J Nutr. 2023 Nov 14;130(9):1500-1509. doi: 10.1017/S0007114523000557. Epub 2023 Mar 3. PMID: 36866742 Clinical Trial.
Effects of time-restricted feeding on body weight, body composition and vital signs in low-income women with obesity: A 12-month randomized clinical trial.de Oliveira Maranhão Pureza IR, da Silva Junior AE, Silva Praxedes DR, Lessa Vasconcelos LG, de Lima Macena M, Vieira de Melo IS, de Menezes Toledo Florêncio TM, Bueno NB. Clin Nutr. 2021 Mar;40(3):759-766. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.06.036. Epub 2020 Jul 14. PMID: 32713721 Clinical Trial.
The effect of intermittent compared with continuous energy restriction on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: 24-month follow-up of a randomised noninferiority trial.Carter S, Clifton PM, Keogh JB. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019 May;151:11-19. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.022. Epub 2019 Mar 19. PMID: 30902672 Clinical Trial.
Acute effects of time-restricted feeding in low-income women with obesity placed on hypoenergetic diets: Randomized trial.Pureza IROM, Melo ISV, Macena ML, Praxedes DRS, Vasconcelos LGL, Silva-Júnior AE, Florêncio TMMT, Bueno NB. Nutrition. 2020 Sep;77:110796. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110796. Epub 2020 Mar 6. PMID: 32428840 Clinical Trial.
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